The Mirrors of Classic Physics :: Physics Science Self Identification Essays

The Mirrors of Classic Physics Plenty of conceptions of mirrors be non so opposite from models in middle school physics. The mirror is a line dividing the real from the virtual, and the shape is the same on both sides. It is a plane in three-dimensional space, a slash in textual space, and a boundary to fluid spaces. In physics class, rays of light go from each point of the image and bounce off the mirror in such a way that they seem to have come from the virtual object. These ar not the only mirrors. These are instead the only things that count as mirrors. Isnt there a reflection that follows (or doesnt) the same physical principles in every non-black object? And, of course, objects are clean about never sinlessly black, and thus totally non-reflective. Even the ink of a Rorschach blot shines. The mirrors of classic physics demonstrations and occasional philosophical or metaphysical points are perfect flat perfectly reflective sur depends, it is an aberrant mirror that is not so. Yet it takes nothing but glass, silver, and backing to make what lots counts a mirror. Glass runs, paint scratches, and backings thrive in the daily devastations of their environs. Further, silver is a rather lustrous and highly reflective metal, but is not perfect at either (thus gold surfaced CD-Rs.) As partially transparent mirrors make abundantly clear, mirrors have subterfuge and a backing, even though that color is usually clear glass with silver and then white behind it. The computer monitor and TV screens are reflective, but then so are the reactions of the world in general. Indeed, one might say the bathroom in which a mirror might be installed reflects much more about the face in the visage than a picture (with minimized motion) in the mirror itself. What do the tiles, the toilets, the colors, the lights, the windows and walls say about you before you even get to the mirror. The idea of mirrors and naming requires a throwing ba ck of our world from outside, but it is in just such a move that our world is situated as a becoming. All this is not to say that the process of mirror embodied in the particular glass and silver is all a mirror is or can be.

Atwoods Tricks With Mirrors as a Declaration of Female Independence Es

Atwoods Tricks With Mirrors as a Declaration of Female IndependenceRelationships argon complex things, with ever-changing dynamics. Some traditional roles are always played in the constant search for balance between giving and taking in relationships. Women have historically and stereotypically played the role of giver in male-female romantic unions. In recent years the gender laws of relationships have been changing and evolving, but plane as recently as the 1970s and 1980s women have been restricted to the role of complacent giver in their relationships. Their freedom of thought and even hole-and-corner(a) speech have been impossible to repress, however, and through broadening that communication, things have been forced into lurch. A perfect example of this form of communication as an attempt to change the role-playing games of relationships is Margaret Atwoods 1974 poem, Tricks With Mirrors. Through the use of poetic devices such as metaphor and tone in Tricks with Mirrors, Atw ood attempts to explain and break free from the restrictions of these traditional dynamics in relationships. In Part I of the poem, Atwood uses a seemingly vague introduction to the subject matter, but gets straight to the point. Within five lines, she distinctly identifies her role as a mirror as she says, I enter with you / and become a mirror, (lines 4-5). She gives the impression that she is merely an object in this relationship - she is a mirror through which her self-centred lover may view himself. Mirrors / are the perfect lovers, she states (lines 6-7). They show a constant and loyal reflection to whoever may stand in front of them. She is objectifying herself as she tells her lover to carry her carefully up the stairs and to ... ...She uses her tone of voice and the metaphors of mirrors and pools to make her case for freedom. Atwoods speaker is merely an object trapped in a relationship in which she serves only to reflect her lover to himself - and she no longer wishes t o remain as such. She is seemingly ever patient in her endeavors, and continues to give end-to-end her quiet rebellion. All her lover ever does is take from her what he pleases - a faithful reflection of what he wishes to see in himself. Atwood defines these traditional roles in relationships magic spell forming her opposition to the nature of these unfair dynamics. Tricks with Mirrors is almost an anthem for the oppressed woman - a statement that calmly explains a situation that needs to be changed. A deeper message may be found in the poem, however, as she conveys her detached unhappiness - do not become a mirror, she tells us.

Medicine an Elusive, Tempestuous Creature :: Medicine College Admissions Essays

Admissions Essay - Medicine an Elusive, Tempestuous Creature We shall not cease from exploration/ And the end of our exploring pass on be to arrive where we started/ And know the place for the first time T.S. Elliot Four Quartets Medicine has proven to be an elusive, tempestuous creature. It has appeared to me in visions nightmarish and calm, despairing and joyous. My hunt has been an odyssey, taking me farther into my heart than I ever dreamed possible. However, before I could even begin to approach the emotional, physical and Intellectual demands of a physicians life, I had to gain a better understanding of myself, my identity and beliefs. Only with this stronger sense of self have I felt the confidence to give my best and my all, and to halt my contribution to society. My first in-depth exposure to medicine was as a high school Intern at the Childrens Cancer Research Institute (CCRI) In San Francisco. It was a disturbing, If fascinating, Introduction to oncology. I witne ssed a holocaust from within --pain, fear and horror in patients my own age and younger. The Internship compelled me to reconsider my commitment to medicine, and persuaded me to resolve my feelings about finis and dying and perhaps investigate other careers. At the same time, the patients so inspired me, and I felt so glad to be alive by and by I left CCRI, that I could never really forget. It became an image seared into my memory, a standard by which I judged all other experience. In college, opportunities for get off and exploration beckoned me a focussing from medicine. I researched and wrote about Americas heartland and the California coastline for Lets Go USA. My interest in Americana led to an Internship at Common Cause In Washington DC, where I organized citizens lobbying efforts. I found Journalism and law pleasant diversions, but under no circumstances would I wish to remain. Though extremely beseeming professions, they did not suit my particular tastes. Nonetheless, they did give me a firm grasp of my stand on political and social Issues, and further piqued my Interest in tour and exploration. During my junior year in England, I did some serious introspection. My British friends, though in a friendly manner, challenged my most basic assumptions, and by doing so, challenged me. Everything, from the way I held my dinner fork to my egalitarianism, was fair game.

Woodstock Essay -- essays research papers

Woodstock 1969The sixties were an exciting revolutionary period with great heathen change. Some people c each(prenominal)ed it the decade of discontent (Britannica) due to the race riots in Detroit and La, and the demonstrations against the Vietnam War. Other people c aloneed it the decade of peace, love, and harmony (Woodstock 69). This decade was identified as much(prenominal) as a result of the peace movement and the emergence of the flower children. (Britannica) The sixties were about assassination, unforgettable fashion, new styles of music, civil rights, gay and womens liberation, Vietnam, Neil Armstrong generate on the moon, peace marches, sexual freedom, drug experimentation, and Woodstock. All of these components caused a revolutionary change in the world of popular Music and society. The most famous of the Sixties rock festivals was Woodstock music and art fair. It was held on farm property in Bethel New York on August 15-17th 1969 (Woodstock 69). Three Days of peace and music would come to define a generation. Festival organizers decided on the title Woodstock because it was where folksinger Bob Dylan and many other musicians lived in New York. It was an artists retreat since the turn of the century. People came from all around, some for the music, some for atmosphere and some just to be there. Although peace was a main theme of the concert, it was difficult to keep with a crowd of 400,000 people. Woodstock contained all six of the qualities of cultural performance, a cultural process...

Persuasive Paper on Paintball - Original Writing -- Sports Paintball P

Persuasive Paper on Paintball- passkey Writing You were just running, the leaves berate under your feet and are not sure if anyone is following you, but a gut felling keeps you going. Then you come to a expeditious halt. There you stand naked and vulnerable to any one, as the trees close in around you. Then a twig snaps you avert your eyes to the furrow of the sound. As you frantically scent about you hear leaves shuffle around, knowing someone is stalking you. You begin to panic, your heart beating faster and faster and your public discussion increases. It is unbearable to withstand. In a blind furry you let loose a barrage of paintballs in every direction. You look around at the touch trees painted by your gun. BAM You cringe, heart a stinging sensation in your back. This is, because you have just become a victim of someones paintball gun. You walkway off the field touch modality miserable, but you smile knowing the war is not over. That wa s a scenario that I hoped you enjoyed. I am going to address the discipline of why should you should try paintball as a version. First you are going to need standard equipment for paintball. I will talk to you in three areas first, the better equipment for you, second standard equipment, and trinity where to purchase your equipment. This will help you understand why you should play the sport. To choose the best equipment for you is to first find your primary(prenominal) call, in that respect are two main paintball styles Turtle and Rabbit. The turtle style consists of finding a safe location and then taking the enemy, but while doing so you must not let your location be known. To be a turtle you must have great patience. For... ... their equipment. The internet website www.xpaintball.com , www.anythingextreme.com, and www.walmart.com. This website and my internet browsing helped me on where to purchase my equipment. To refresh you on my main topic s First, You need to know what your style is in paintball whether turtle or rabbit. Second, when you know your style, get your equipment based on your style and try out of unlike types equipment. Finally when you decide to buy your equipment use the internet and get multiple types of equipment to compare and read reviews on the equipment you choose to buy. I neediness to thank for listening to my speech and you were just informed about standard equipment for paintball. I also encourage everyone to go and at least try paintball, because this sport is excellent for people who like to just have fun. Persuasive Paper on Paintball - Original Writing -- Sports Paintball PPersuasive Paper on Paintball- Original Writing You were just running, the leaves crush under your feet and are not sure if anyone is following you, but a gut felling keeps you going. Then you come to a quick halt. There you stand unprotected and vulnerable to any one, as the tre es close in around you. Then a twig snaps you avert your eyes to the origin of the sound. As you frantically look about you hear leaves shuffle around, knowing someone is stalking you. You begin to panic, your heart beating faster and faster and your breathing increases. It is unbearable to withstand. In a blind furry you let loose a barrage of paintballs in every direction. You look around at the surrounding trees painted by your gun. BAM You cringe, feeling a stinging sensation in your back. This is, because you have just become a victim of someones paintball gun. You walk off the field feeling miserable, but you smile knowing the war is not over. That was a scenario that I hoped you enjoyed. I am going to address the topic of why should you should try paintball as a sport. First you are going to need standard equipment for paintball. I will talk to you in three areas first, the best equipment for you, second standard equipment, and third where to pur chase your equipment. This will help you understand why you should play the sport. To choose the best equipment for you is to first find your main style, there are two main paintball styles Turtle and Rabbit. The turtle style consists of finding a safe location and then taking the enemy, but while doing so you must not let your location be known. To be a turtle you must have great patience. For... ... their equipment. The internet website www.xpaintball.com , www.anythingextreme.com, and www.walmart.com. This website and my internet browsing helped me on where to purchase my equipment. To refresh you on my main topics First, You need to know what your style is in paintball whether turtle or rabbit. Second, when you know your style, get your equipment based on your style and try out of different types equipment. Finally when you decide to buy your equipment use the internet and get multiple types of equipment to compare and read reviews on the equipment you choose to buy. I want to thank for listening to my speech and you were just informed about standard equipment for paintball. I also encourage everyone to go and at least try paintball, because this sport is excellent for people who like to just have fun.

Persuasive Paper on Paintball - Original Writing -- Sports Paintball P

Persuasive paper on Paintball- Original Writing You were on the dot running, the leaves crush under your feet and are not legitimate if anyone is following you, but a gut felling keeps you personnel casualty. because you come to a quick halt. There you stand unprotected and vulnerable to any one, as the trees fast in around you. Then a twig snaps you avert your eyes to the origin of the sound. As you frantically look about you hear leaves shuffle around, shrewd someone is stalking you. You pay off to panic, your heart beating faster and faster and your breathing increases. It is unbearable to withstand. In a blind furry you let unloosen a barrage of paintballs in every direction. You look around at the surrounding trees painted by your gun. BAM You cringe, feeling a stinging sensation in your back. This is, because you ca-ca on the nose find a victim of someones paintball gun. You walk off the field feeling miserable, but you smile knowing the state of war is not over. That was a scenario that I hoped you enjoyed. I am going to address the topic of why should you should try paintball as a sport. First you are going to need specimen equipment for paintball. I will talk to you in three areas first, the best equipment for you, second standard equipment, and third where to purchase your equipment. This will help you get word why you should play the sport. To spot the best equipment for you is to first find your main mode, there are two main paintball styles Turtle and Rabbit. The turtle style consists of purpose a safe pickle and then taking the enemy, but while doing so you must not let your location be known. To be a turtle you must have great patience. For... ... their equipment. The lucre website www.xpaintball.com , www.anythingextreme.com, and www.walmart.com. This website and my internet browsing helped me on where to purchase my equipment. To refresh you on my main topics First, You need to know what your style is in paintball whether turtle or rabbit. Second, when you know your style, get your equipment based on your style and try out of different types equipment. Finally when you see to buy your equipment use the internet and get multiple types of equipment to compare and read reviews on the equipment you choose to buy. I want to thank for listening to my speech and you were just informed about standard equipment for paintball. I also encourage everyone to go and at least try paintball, because this sport is excellent for people who like to just have fun. Persuasive Paper on Paintball - Original Writing -- Sports Paintball PPersuasive Paper on Paintball- Original Writing You were just running, the leaves crush under your feet and are not sure if anyone is following you, but a gut felling keeps you going. Then you come to a quick halt. There you stand unprotected and vulnerable to any one, as the trees close in around you. Then a twig snaps you avert your eyes to the origin of the sound. As you frantically look about you hear leaves shuffle around, knowing someone is stalking you. You begin to panic, your heart beating faster and faster and your breathing increases. It is unbearable to withstand. In a blind furry you let loose a barrage of paintballs in every direction. You look around at the surrounding trees painted by your gun. BAM You cringe, feeling a stinging sensation in your back. This is, because you have just become a victim of someones paintball gun. You walk off the field feeling miserable, but you smile knowing the war is not over. That was a scenario that I hoped you enjoyed. I am going to address the topic of why should you should try paintball as a sport. First you are going to need standard equipment for paintball. I will talk to you in three areas first, the best equipment for you, second standard equipment, and third where to purchase your e quipment. This will help you understand why you should play the sport. To choose the best equipment for you is to first find your main style, there are two main paintball styles Turtle and Rabbit. The turtle style consists of finding a safe location and then taking the enemy, but while doing so you must not let your location be known. To be a turtle you must have great patience. For... ... their equipment. The internet website www.xpaintball.com , www.anythingextreme.com, and www.walmart.com. This website and my internet browsing helped me on where to purchase my equipment. To refresh you on my main topics First, You need to know what your style is in paintball whether turtle or rabbit. Second, when you know your style, get your equipment based on your style and try out of different types equipment. Finally when you decide to buy your equipment use the internet and get multiple types of equipment to compare and read reviews on the equipment you choose to buy. I want to thank for listening to my speech and you were just informed about standard equipment for paintball. I also encourage everyone to go and at least try paintball, because this sport is excellent for people who like to just have fun.

“Lord of The Flies”- Holocaust Essay

The book,Lord of the Flies parallels exactly to the horrible accounts of the final solution.It took place during the same time, and many ideas and events atomic number 18 really similar. The Holocaust was a huge inspiration on Goldings book, and like the Holocaust,Golding creates a setting, thats in a sense, secret. They also both took place during terra firma War II. Just like in the beginning, when the boys first landed on the island,before the Holocaust even began, the boys were unified as one tribe. However,underneath the surface, problems were rising. Piggy was referred to alone by his derisive nickname, much in the same way as Jews were stripped of their real names and called Jew bastardor kike. Youre lecture too much, said hole merridew, Shut up fatty. Laughter arose (Golding 21) This is only one of the many examples of the boys degrading Piggy. Jews werent ever treated quite as fairly as Germans. They were discriminated because of their race,religion, and mostly just be cause they were living a better life than the Germans. Ralph was the tetherer. He thought things out with his regenerate hand man, Piggy. Together they were very(prenominal) intelligent, and were respected by most of the boys. Ralph who represents Neville Chamberlain, who was England Prime Minister before World War II was infamous for allowing Hitler to invade the Sudetenland without consequence. Jack would represent Adolf Hitler.He cherished power, and would do anything to get it. Like Hitler, Jack was a very good public speaker. He said what sight wanted to hear, that they would flummox fun, and eat meat, in a time when meat sounded very good to the boys, when they were on the verge of starvation from hunger. He took advantage of his abilities to hunt and the weakness of the boys, just as Hitler did. He would find in this downtrodden people, an audience very willing to listen. In his speeches, Hitler offered what they needed most, encouragement.He gave them heaps of vague pr omises while avoiding the details. Hitler didnt work alone. He had his right hand man who was in charge of the extermination of his enemies. Roger was Jacks chief executioner and Adolf Eichmann had the job of ridding Germany of Jews. Youcould tell in the beginning that Jack would rebel. He always had a differentview than Ralph, and you could see some envy of Ralph in him. We want meat- And we dont get itWe need shelters Suddenly Jack shouted in rage. Are youaccusing-? All Im saying is weve worked dashed hard. Thats all. They were both red in the face and found aspect at each other difficult (Golding 51). Ralph had his group- Piggy, Simon, and some of the littluns. They were the thinkers of the boys. They represented the Jews, and Jack hated them for it because Jacks main worry was hunting while Ralph seek to focus on the fire and getting rescued. Their ideas clashed and so did they.One of Hitlers main problems with Jews was that they were so smart and they were living a wealthier life than everyone else, and hogging all of the luxuries that could and should be the Germans. Thats when Jack formed his new tribe with the choir boys, then known as the hunters, on the other side of the island. Im tone ending off by myself. He can catch his own pigs. Anyone who wants to hunt when I do can come too.(Golding 127). This is similar to Hitlers forming of the Nazis.Jack recruited Roger who was a more sadistic member of the tribe. All of his tribe members played a very evil part, and most of them were only interested in violent deathing. They thought it was raise and enjoyed it. They were forced to rebel against Ralph, and they symbolized the people who were forced into torturing the Jews. They would torture, or be tortured. It was a simple answer for most, as it was for Sam and Eric. They were the public, easily convinced and lead into traps in which they didnt think for themselves anymore. This is when it changes from a democracy to a dictatorship,exactly what happ ened after Hitler became leader.In the book, Jack made all of his followers call him chief, respect him, and detect when he was done speaking. The two savages looked at each other, raised their spears and spoke in time. The Chief has spoken.(Golding 141).He made them march together, and look very well unionised and unified. On October 13,1930, dressed in their brown shirts, the elected Nazi deputies marched in unison into theReichstag and took their seats. When the roll call was taken, each one shouted, Present Heil Hitler . Both of these examples have alot of similarities. Both show the obedience the leaders had over their followers. They wereall brainwashed, and this statement goes to both Jacks tribe and the Nazis. This brainwashing even got to a pull down where killing was okay. They didnt really thinktwice about it. They all thought what they were doing was right, they didnt realize what they were doing, and didnt look at the big picture. Roger, with a sense ofdelirious aban donment, leaned all his weight on the leverThe rock struck Piggy with a glancing blow (Golding 180). This statement describes Rogers feelings about killing, and it plain doesnt matter that much to him. He wasnt thinking before he acted.When Simon was coming down the mountain to tell everyone that there really wasnt a beast, it was just a dead body from state of war, they mistook Simon himself for the beastbecause they were so riled up from the feast and the dance, they actually tricked themselves into thinking Simon was something else. Even after, when they knew what they were doing they kept rough Simon apart. The beast was on its knees in the center, its arms folded over its face. It was crying out against the abominable noise something about a dead body on the hummockAt once the crowd surged after it, poured down the rock, leapt on to the beast, screamed, struck, bit, tore (Golding 153).The feast and dance are similar to Hitlers speeches to get everyone excited to kill the Jew s. He began speech in low, hesitating tones,gradually rising the pitch and volume of his voice then exploding in a climax of frenzied indignation. He combined this with carefully rehearsed hand gestures for maximum effect. He skillfully played on the emotions of theaudience bringing the level of excitementhigher and higher until people wound up a wide-eyed, screaming, frenzied mass that surrendered to his will and looked upon him with pseudo- religious adoration.When Jacks tribe is trying to hunt down Ralph to torture him, it represents the German police, ripping the ghettos apart just to find some Jews hidden in homes andother buildings, so that they could be brought to concentration camps where theywould be tortured and/or killed. When they at last find Ralph, in his thicket hiding,they decide there is not much they can do to kill him, but set the island on fire. This issimilar to when the German people working on the concentration camps cremated theirvictims in a fire pit, where they couldnt get out. I also think it is important to mentionthat the word, Holocaust comes from the Greek holokauston , that which iscompletely burnt, that which goes up, that is in smoke, or a sacrificial offering that isconsumed entirely by flames.Ralph did end up es roofing the fire, and just when everything seemed lost, the boyswere chasing after him, and it was expected for him to die, the marine officer showedup on the island because he saw the flames from his ship. It is only when the boys arerescued by a naval officer that the monster Jack has make shrinks back into his boy-like state. This deflation of power signifies the collapse of Nazi Germany in the face ofthe Allied forces(Windham 3). A little boy who wore the remains of an extraordinaryblack cap on his red hair and who carried the remains of a pair of spectacles at hiswaist, started forward, then changed his mind and stood still (Golding 201). Inthe Holocaust, when everything seemed lost, soldiers fighting in the war startedshowing up to liberate the Jews, and everyone else that was captured.The similarites of the book and the German Holocaust are no coincidences. Goldinghad definite intentions of referring to the Holocaust in this novel, and in this thesis there aretoo many similarities to say they werent written because of the events going on duringWorld War II.

Education In The Early Soviet Union Essay

The early 20th century was a time of change for many parts of the world advances in all argonas of technology and changing mind alines made a huge difference in the way that human civilization progressed. One significant example of this was the overthrow of tsarist Russia and the establishment of the Soviet Union . While far from a revolution in freedom, the Soviet Union was revolutionary in many ways that are still congruous of discussion. With this in mind, this paper will present an account of the historical period of the Early Soviet Union and of the impact of information on that period.EDUCATION EVOLVES WITH THE contain OF THE SOVIET UNION An understanding of the birth of the Soviet Union, as well as its educational system, requires first an overview of the political and educational system which preceded it. Russia, under entertain of the Czars, was a land of great darkness- politically, economically and educationally. For the Czars, the rule of law was intended to keep th e masses as oppressed as possible there were bound job opportunities, leading to widespread famine, poverty and deprivation from all vantage points.In many ways, these factors can be directly linked to a miss of available education for the masses , and vice versa. The insistence of the government in place to keep the populous ignorant and ill-educated kept the collective skill set of the people at a bare minimum, relegating them to menial jobs for low pay. Even with the oppressive taxation imposed by the Czars, there was little notes available to support decent education, even if the Czars wanted to have such institutions in place. At any rate, the change of education definitely came with the change from Czarist rule to the establishment of the Soviet state.With the 1917 Russian Revolution, not only were the people shifted from the essentially dictatorial system of government they had known before to one that was mostly driven by Socialism , a system which relied on the sheer po wer of the people to provide the muscle needed to power the factories, build the roads, and reel the weapons that would keep the state economically viable, physically strong, and able to meet the challenges of enemies foreign or domestic. A key to this power, it was immediately discovered, would in fact come from the education of the common people.Previously, the upper classes were guaranteed education through private means, as they had the ability to pay for such instruction, but there existed an entire class of people for whom the books of companionship had essentially been sealed shut for generations upon generations. To ensure that education would be delivered to towns large and small across the Soviet Union, from the earliest days of the Revolution, boards of education were established in distributively of the republics which comprised the Soviet Union. In this way, education could likewise be customized for the needs of any particular locality.This should not give the impre ssion, however, that education was autonomous in each of the republics, or that there was no agenda behind education. As much as education aimed to teach marketable and practical skills to the average Soviet, it was also knowing to indoctrinate impressionable minds about the superiority of the Soviet governmental systems, ideologies, and theories, for it was the compliance of the people that would allow the Soviet Union to grow to dominance over a period of several decades. A MISSING ELEMENT FROM SOVIET EDUCATIONFrom the very beginning of the Soviet Union, its educational system and political ideology were needs entwined. One of the key tenets of the Soviet philosophy, which was consequently built in to the educational system is the entire lack of a spiritual element, as Soviet leading subscribed to the assertions of Dostoevsky that without having to wrestle with the idea of the existence of God, the mind is thereby free to imagine that anything is possible, as many of the moral dilemmas which complicate decision making are effectively erased.CONCLUSION In conclusion, what can be seen in the parallel development of the Soviet Union as a state and its accompanying educational system is the introduction of political ideology and practical instruction, both with the collective goal of advancing the state. This worked for decades and brought the Soviet Union to the status of world superpower in a remarkably short time. Therefore, in conclusion, what can best be said about education and the early history of Soviet Union is that they were inexorably linked, and each enhanced the other.REFERENCES Daniel, Wallace. 1996. Religion, Science, Russia An Interview with Boris Raushenbakh. The Christian Century, 28 February, 232+. Dundua, Shalva. 2003. The Legacy of the Soviet nurture System and Attempts to Introduce New Methodologies of Teaching in Georgia. Childhood Education 79, no. 6 347+. Nearing, Scott. 1926. Education in Soviet Russia. New York International Publis hers. Zlobin, Nikolai. 1996. Things Fall Apart. World Affairs 158, no. 3 148-155.

Science for Shaping the Future of India

The theme of this relative, Science for Shaping the Future of India, reflects the dream of all generation of Indian scientists. Faster growth over the next few decades, more sustainable development based on nutriment and si newfangled security, and socio-economic inclusion made possible by rapid growth of basic social services, such as education and health, are all crucial for defining Indias future. Science, technology and mutation all have an important role to play in achieving these objectives.Science and technology development have been central to the phenomenal material increase and efficiency in the use of resources seen in the closing hundred years. The pace of change has only accelerated in the last few decades, as globalization and new technology have enhanced peoples access to knowledge and their ability to leverage it done collaboration. India has benefited from this epochal transformation by embracement these trends. Since technological changes typically emanate from established structures, they may at times re-inforce them and inhibit the advancement of equity and equality.As India seeks a keep up growth of its national income, we moldiness endeavour to harness the tools of recognition to cater to the needs of the underprivileged and to bridge the gap between the haves and the have- nons. Nearly 65 percent of our people live in rural areas. The increase in their living standards depends greatly on the growth of agricultural production and productivity. The Twelfth Five Year Plan assumes that a sustained growth of our agriculture at the rate of 4 percent per annum is essential for the achievement of food security for our country.This growth is constrained by shortages of water and to a fault of land. We need new breakthroughs in water-saving technologies of cultivation, enhancement of land productivity and development of climate-resilient varieties. This transformation of agriculture must be the pinnacle priority concern of our existenc e policies, including experience and technology policies. In keeping with the theme of this Congress, the question naturally arises as to what we should do to build our future through science? I would same to share a few ideas.First, we must, as a society, enhance the spread of what Jawaharlal Nehru used to describe as the scientific temper. Our new-madeer generations must adopt a science-based value-system in order to benefit from what science can offer and to make up for lost time. Complex issues, be they genetically modified food or nuclear energy or exploration of outer space, cannot be settled by faith, emotion and fear but by structured debate, analytic thinking and enlightenment. A scientific approach and understanding of these issues are therefore as vital as our core scientific capabilities.For this, we must invest in popularizing science, not only in our schools and colleges as we are doing through the INSPIRE programme but also in our homes, workplaces and communiti es through all available communication methods, comparable the high-speed optical fibre national Knowledge Network. Eventually, science must help in establishing an inclusive society that seeks to solve major social problems through the application of science. Second, our scholarship and research must be informed by a keen awareness of our basic social and economic realities.Given the limited resources that we, as a nation, are able to devote to scientific research, it is imperative that we give priority to meeting those challenges which are fundamental to the transformation of our economy. I have already referred to the need to transform Indias agriculture. But there are other equally valid concerns as well which require priority attention. The quest for energy security, sanitation, provision of safe drinking water, labour intensive manufactures and universal healthcare at affordable cost are other areas of high priority concern.Our causal agent should be to carve out a niche fo r Indias leadership in some of these areas. Indian industry must play an active dower in this process through in-house research centres and, more importantly, through enhanced academia-industry interaction. Third, a holistic organizational approach is essential. at that place was a time when science took a lonely road, driven by individual enterprise rather than collective effort. This is sub-optimal in the innovation and knowledge-intensive world that is empowering the growth process today.We need cross-fertilisation of disciplines and synergy among stakeholders. Government-sponsored research must be supplemented by research in private labs. Academic and research systems must foster innovation and entrepreneurship and therefore bring together up with those interested in commercial development. In the last few years, we have taken some policy measures in this direction. We have encouraged share of and access to Government-owned data for research.We have also created new mechanis ms like Innovation Complexes, Technology Business Incubator and Innovation Universities in an effort to bring closely convergence of interests among the various players in science. Fourth, international collaboration is vital for increasingly resource-intensive modern science to progress. Economic liberalization and economic growth over the last several years have made it possible for our scientists to collaborate meaningfully and confidently in the international arena. allow me cite only two outstanding practices. There was significant Indian collaboration with the European Centre for Nuclear Research on the Large Hadron Collider, which led to the discovery of what is believed to be the elusive Higgs boson. The other example is our work with a select group of countries on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor. We must partner not only with established leaders in science and technology, but also with emerging innovation powerhouses, many of them in our region.We mus t also offer our expertise to our neighbours for collective prosperity and progress. Finally, the quality of our scientific institutions allow for depend upon the quality of the students we can attract into science, the freedom we give them in pursuing scientific research and the human resource policies we follow in selecting leaders. We must select only the best and we must expand our search to the many Indian scientists abroad who may wish to return to India at least for some years.The solution of even the simplest of problems related to humanitys pressing needs often requires first-rate fundamental research. During the last eight years, we have attempt to fill this gap by expanding the infrastructure of our scientific research and innovation. We have established fiver new Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research, eight new Indian Institutes of Technology, sixteen new Central Universities, ten new National Institutes of Technology, six new R&D institutions in the fie ld of biotechnology and five institutions in other branches.It is my hope that all this will significantly raise the quality of scientific research in our country. Given that science-led innovation is the key to development, the National Innovation Council has also brought the domain of innovation to the foreground, helping translation of knowledge into usable solutions. The Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2013 released here today aspires to position India among the top five global scientific powers by the year 2020. It is an ambitious goal.It aims to produce and nurture talent in science, to stimulate research in our universities, to develop young leaders in the field of science, to reward performance, to create a policy environment for greater private sector participation in research and innovation and to forge international alliances and collaborations to meet the national agenda. The Twelfth Five Year Plan, which was approved by the NDC a few days ago, outlines a numbe r of initiatives which will make this possible.An important step in this direction in the Eleventh Plan was the establishment of the National Science and Engineering Research Board as an autonomous funding body. As pointed out in the Twelfth Plan, this institution proposes to invest in researches of proven track record and establish about cc to 250 centres based on a grant model with performance reward linkages. I would like to conclude by recalling Gurudev Rabindranath Tagores immortal lines in which he prayed for a future India where, among other things, a clear stream of reason would prevail.I am confident that, in the next five days, this confluence of leading lights of science from home and abroad will throw up useful ideas on how science will shape the future of India. As the Indian Science Congress crosses another milestone, let us pledge to keep alive the passion of its architects for truth that is eternal and beautiful and their dream to lead India to greater heights of kno wledge. Let me also take this occasion to wish all those gathered here a very Happy New Year.

Consumer Behaviour Analysis Essay

In this competitive securities industry, high quality of products may not be equal for companies to gain competitive edges in market (Palmer, 2004). In addition, according to M disc digestinho et al (1996), it seems that the nature of merchandise is to satisfy the needs and requirements of consumers rather than product oriented. Thus, consumers play a prominent role in market as contemporary marketing is customer-oriented. However, it should be discover that consumer doings is unstable because psychological factors have impacts on consumer demeanour. Moreover, Evans et al (2006) indicate that social factors overly pre slant consumer behaviour. Although many companies have drawn attention to the status of consumers in market, they lack of the knowledge of consumer behaviour and guidelines to analysis their consumers. Therefore, the as certain(a) of consumer behaviour is needed for helping companies clearly understand consumer behaviour.The purpose of this paper is to obser ve the effects of consumer sort on open and new companies. Factors affecting consumer behavior pull up stakes first be presented. The discussion of consumer behaviours effect on two types of companies will then be displayed, with a focus on mail loyalty, self-propelling solicits, and online obtain channels. Furthermore, for future(a) development, effective approaches will be given to reduce the negative effects of customer behavior. Indeed, this paper briefly discusses many main effects of consumer behaviour on naturalised and new companies, and it aims to help companies clearly understand consumer behaviour and kick upstairs development.1. Consumer Behaviour1.1 Psychological beguilesA association has spent amounts of time developing a new product however, after the caller-out launches the product to markets, it could realize its efforts is wasted because customers reject its product in a few minutes. The reason is the company fails or neglects to analyze the psycholog ical factors of consumers. Understanding psychological factors is essential for designing and humansizing a product, as these factors be given to deviate consumer behaviour. match to Hollensen (2003122), psychological factors include needs, perception, memory, and attitude.With regards to the needs of consumers, marketers often distinguish the needs by using Maslows famous classification (1970). The classification divides the needs of people into five grades based on hierarchy. The higher level needs basenot be realized unless(prenominal) lower level needs be satisfied. For example, most African countries suffer from mastermindvation. If a marketer sells luxury goods to African consumers, the marketer tends to fail because the marketer cannot understand what African people urgently need.Baker (2006204) says Sensation occurs when a sense organ receives a stimulus, while perception is the interpretation of that stimulus. From the marketers viewpoint, it is essential to soak up attention of consumers, and consumers can respond the commission marketers intend to. For example, if a marketer studys red colour to package products, the consumer likes all commodities with red packaging by chance then, perception arises as this packaging draws the consumer attention.In equipment casualty of memory, when consumers make decision among kinds of brands, they prefer to select the brand that they remember. Hollensen (2003) observes consumers store information that is frequently seen or heard. Therefore, marketers try their best to publicize their brand gens as much as possible with a view to making consumers remember their brand found when consumers select a product.Attitude can be described as consumers have positive and negative feelings when they see a object that can be a brand, an action, or a person. For this reason, marketers formulate marketing strategy based on using the knowledge of consume attitude in order to associate with consumers tastes and prefer ences.This subsection focuses on psychological factors that influence consumer behavior. In the latter subsection, it concerns social factors that would influence consumer behaviour.1.2 Social influences Baker (2006) points out that social influences can be divided into three categories including culture, social class, and life-style.In terms of culture, Bennett and Kassarjian (1972) define culture as a consecutive form that can be passed on from one generation to another mainly including habits, beliefs, values, and attitudes. However, culture tends to be relatively unstable, and it is in the process of changing and inducing new ideas because of environmental change and technological change. In addition, Evans et al (2006) rail line that marketing is a contributive factor in changing of culture. For example, in China, before fast food restaurants of McDonald opened, Chinese people prefer to eat their own food such as porridge, rice, and noodles nevertheless, after the US lifestyl e has transmitted to China through McDonald, the eating habits of Chinese has changed as most of them, especially the young people, would choose hamburgers or chips rather of rice and noodles.With regard to social classes, this classes ar groups who have similar characteristics usually including education, income, occupation, and social status (Baker, 2006). Consumers behaviour tends to be influenced by the values of social classes, when consumers are divided into one of social classes (Palmer, 2004). In general, social classes consist of three groups including upper class, middle class, and lower class. For example, if individuals identify with the upper class, they prefer to bribe products that differ from universal goods such as luxury necklaces, and advanced cars.Another aspect of social influences is lifestyle that is a way of living of people or families. For example, how people plan leisure time, which interesting products people prefer to barter for. In consumption activ ities, through analyzing peoples lifestyles, marketers probably know which groups of people tend to be their targets, hence they can design a suitable marketing mix for their targets. 1.3 The buying decision processThe above paragraphs introduce influential factors that affect consumers decision making. For better understanding consumer behaviour, the process of buying decision is divided into five steps (Hollensen, 2003).The first step tends to be problem identification. According to Hollensen (2003), the differences mingled with current situation and desired situation motivate consumers to seek and purchase products that probably bring satisfaction in order to balance the current delineate with the desire.The second step is information look. Consumers gain information from past experiences and long memories stored in mind. In addition, Hollensen (2003) states that memory seeks information from three sources including personal sources, commercial sources, and public sources. The commercial sources are information disseminated by marketers and dealers. Thus, marketers tend to take use of this source in order to make consumer remember and store their brand take a shit in long memory.The third step is evaluation of alternative. In this step, Hollensen (2003) points out that consumers tend to evaluate products from four attributes including cost attributes, performance attributes, social attributes, and availability attributes.Fourthly, Palmer (2004) points out that the purchase decision is made by DMU (Decision Making Unit). This DMU consists of influencers, gatekeepers, buyers, users, and decision makers.Finally, the post-purchase evaluation stage tends to result in satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Also, in this stage, Palmer (2004) states that consumers tend to develop brand loyalty if they obtain satisfaction about their decision-making. Thus, marketers play an active role in developing customers brand loyalty. For example, marketers can provide all-weat her after-sales services for customers with a view to assure later usage with satisfaction.2. The Effects of Three Forms of Consumer Behaviour on Established and New Companies2.1 Brand loyalty It seems that attitudes of consumers tend to build customer loyalty on the certain brand. Evans et al (2006) seem to support this view and point out that consumers attitude of one product is importantly different from their attitude of another product, and this attitude can contribute towards loyalty. Indeed, brand loyalty is a competitive marketing strategy for companies especially for established companies. According to Evans et al (2006), loyalty can result in a great number of emoluments such as reduction in marketing budgets, expanding market share, and book of facts of existing brands.For example, in the UK, Tesco is an outstanding retailer. Relying on the success in the UK, Tesco not only extents its career from the retailer to the food manufacture and the clothing manufacture, but a like expands its market to China, Korea, and also Thailand. Reichheld (1996) also reports that the longer time a customer is loyal to a company, the much more benefits the company obtains as consumers tend to purchase more products in that company. Furthermore, customers tend to neglect prices of the product in certain industries, so companies can double their profits. For example, the advent of Apple products has attracted many customers to purchase, and many customers has create their brand loyalty to Apple products no matter how high prices Apple products set. However, the brand loyalty of consumers tends not to be advantageous for new companies.Firstly, the new company should pay a considerable fund of marketing costs to publicize its product and brand name. Secondly, established companies already occupy large amounts of market share. Boush and Jones (2006) note that there are few appropriate positions for later entrants. Thus, it tends to be difficult to attract customers that have brand loyalty to a certain brand from competitors. For example, In spite of the fact that Carrefour is famous for its low price and high quality products, it exited from the South Korea eventually because it is a new company for Korea, failed to seize consumers from competitors.2.2 propulsive demands In terms of the dynamic demands of consumers, companies need update their products or services constantly because of the change of consumer demands, although Boush and Jones (2006) indicate that established companies already occupy large amounts of market share. Palmer (2004) proposes that established companies should reposition or extension their brand based on their growing strengths in order to meet the changeable needs of targets. From established companies aspects, stump spud (1998) argues that the extension of brand will has risks on diluting the existing brand.Then, Murphy (1998) provides a related example of Cadbury, a chocolate manufacture in Britain. The managers of Ca dbury extended the Cadbury name to embrace non-chocolate products to attract new consumers with a view to reducing investments on developing a new brand such as mashed potatoes, dried milk, and beverages. everyplace the years, the managers of Cadbury realized this action not only diluted Cadburys reputation but also weakened its power in the chocolate area (ibid). Moreover, Andrew (1998) also observes that chances are limited to extent brands if the brand maintains its current product attributes. However, from new companies aspects, dynamic demands of consumers create opportunities for them. Joel and Michael (2010) cite a supporting example that Apples success due to the change in the mobile phone industry.Moreover, Hartman and Beck-Dudley (1999) provide empirical evidence to support that dynamic demands create opportunities for new companies. With the improvement of environmental awareness, current customers tend to purchase ecofriendly goods that have no detrimental effects on en vironment. The CEO of the be shop, Anita Roddick, realized this demand of consumers therefore, in 1976, the first body shop opened and launched its brand with minimal package, natural products that have not been tested on animals. Based on these initiatives, the body shop became most favored company and remained one of the global brands till today in cosmetic industry (ibid).2.3 New shop channel online With the rise of online shop, internet has become a popular shopping platform. Today, shopping online tend to be a major shopping channel, compared with traditional shopping channel such as stores or shopping Hall. From established and new companies aspects, this condition has positive effects on them. Palmer (2004) gives supporting ideas that online marketing is not only less expensive to use, but also less time to communicate with consumerscompared with traditional marketing such as bet-to-face marketing, and personal selling. The Oxford Associations astutely observes, that most companies receive over 50% reduction in transaction costs through the internet (ibid).Furthermore, internet help marketers improve conservation rate, and update rapidly after reviewing consumers feedback such as respond to demand change (ibid). Moreover, Baker (2006) seems to support this view and points out that online marketing can collect different requirements about products, and marketers can use these data to make customization for consumers. However, not only established companies, but also new companies should notice that the internet is not as a perfect platform for marketing. Palmer (2004) argues that challenges for companies are how to attract consumers when they face information overload because Millen (1994303) reports that individuals can process about seven chunks of information at most.Chang and Wildt (1996) also indicate that price is becoming an important factor to choose products when consumer face large amounts of information. Thus, companies tend to use low-pric e strategy with a view to attracting consumers attention. The results of using this strategy lead to slight profit and enter in a vicious competition. Palmer (2004) also provides a related argument that the hostage of financial transaction and private information of consumers should be taken into consideration. Many consumers resist shopping online because they tend to have concerns over the safety of their transaction and private information.Thus, companies will probably lose these potential consumers. Additionally, Palmer (2004) also argues that consumers tend to lose confident to shopping online because they are unable to fell goods physically before purchase. For example, when shopping onlineone consumer is attracted by a product with light red packaging nevertheless, after receiving the product, the consumer is baffle about the product because the colour is not same as showing online. After this shopping experience, this consumer tends not to purchase products in that brand. Thus, it seems that the company tend to lose this potential consumer because of the terrible experience by chance.This subsection discusses the effect of three forms of consumer behaviour on established and new companies. In the following subsection, the paper will focus on the future development of both types of companies.3. Future DevelopmentConsumer behavior has become an essential factor to influence marketing strategies. To a certain extent, companies can derive benefits from consumer behaviour however, it should be noticed that consumer behavior also tend to threaten companies. Thus, companies should adopt effective measures to avoid negative effects of consumer behavior with a view to future development.3.1 Aspects of brand loyalty In terms of brand loyalty, new companies occupy an inferior position, compared with established companies. However, they can take advantage of marketing strategies to reserve this position. Firstly, they can fluctuate brand loyalty of consumers thr ough changing consumers attitude because loyalty builds on the stern of attitudes. Evans, et al (200676) state, Attitudes are essentially stable structures and are not easily modified. However, Hovland and Weiss (1951) argue that attitude can be changed if consumers believe what experts say, as expert effects or star effects.For example, if Ming Yao, who is a popular basketball player in the world especially in China, endorse a nutrition brand, his opinion tends to be a powerfully persuasive force that can change consumer attitude and make consumers establish a trust relationship with the brand. Moreover, if consumers are loyal to a certain brand, it shows that they are satisfied with it, and this brand loyalty is not easy to change. Thus, Murphy (1998) proposes that brand differentiation strategy is significant for new companies in terms of brand loyalty.Finally, low-price strategy plays a significant role in entering market for new companies, because Chang and Wildt (1996) indic ate that price is one of important factors for consumers to choose product. After successfully attract consumers through low-price strategy, new companies can use other marketing mix such as promotion, and packaging to cultivate customer loyalty. However, With regard to price, it should be noticed that there should be a correspondence between the prices of a product and positioning.3.2 Aspects of dynamic demands With regard to dynamic demands of consumers, established companies face a complex and sundry(a) problem of reposition or extension with a view to retaining loyal customers and attracting new customers. Firstly, Andrew (1998) states that the core value of a brand is a significant basis for reposition or extension a brand. It seems that the reposition or extension of a brand tends to pose risks on diluting the existing brand if the company brush aside the core value of the brand. The company of Cadbury mentioned in the second section is a good example. Furthermore, the messa ge/offering should be perceived and understood in the mean way (Evans et al, 199651) by consumers. Thus, it is essential to communicating with current and potential customers when companies need reposition or extension of their brands. Finally, Gerstman (1998) indicates that packaging is an excellent starting point for established companies wishing to reposition or extension of their brands.3.3 Aspects of online shopping channel With regards to disadvantages of shopping online, firstly, not only established companies, but also new companies should strengthen the security of finance transaction and privacy information and use of third-party platform of payment transaction that can improve the safety of online shopping such as paypal, alertpay in order to make consumers believe that their information is security when they shopping online. Secondly, in terms of information overload, Palmer (2004513) proposes Getting a high ranking in search engines has become a critical skill. Finally , it seems that no practical approach tend to solve the problem that consumers cannot examine goods physically before purchase. However, the company can take pre-action in order to reduce dissatisfaction. For example, free samples can provide for potential customers to attempt.ConclusionUnderstanding consumer behavior is not only a necessary in the stage of attracting consumers, but also a process of sustainable development for companies. This paper supports consumer behavior having a significant effect on established and new companies, and this paper has presented three forms of consumer behavior. These included brand loyalty, dynamic demands, and online shopping channel. The discussion of consumer behaviour effects on two types companies have been highlighted. Moreover, factors affecting consumer behaviour are mentioned, including psychological factors, social factors, and buying process. Similarly, for future development, effective approaches have also been given in terms of aspe cts of brand loyalty, aspects of dynamic demands, and aspects of online shopping channel.In discussing effects of consumer behavior on companies, it may be concluded that established companies occupy dominant position in terms of brand loyalty, compared with new companies from dynamic demands perspective, new companies reverse the inferior position, and get opportunities to develop and attract consumers from competitors with regard to online shopping channel, established and new companies face same opportunities and threats. The future role of consumer behaviour has also been taken into consideration, based on research by Evans, et al (1996), and this suggests that consumer behaviour has become a basis to analysis market issues or future trend in market.It should be noted that this paper briefly discussed some effects of consumer behavior on companies and other effects is beyond of this paper and further work could be done in this area. This paper would be of particular interest to those companies who face a problem about consumer behavior.

Integrative Case Study †Cafe Co

Edinburgh Napier University BA Hospitality and Serv methamphetamine Management Introduction to Human mental imagery Management HRM08901 Assignment Sub charge (Part2) combinatory Case Study drinking chocolate bar Co LecturerFiona Dun stack Local TutorPamela Poon Student NameYiu Chun Hei, Jonas Matriculation No. 40075274 Year and ClassBAHSM- 1B Entry diploma Date of Submission 7 March 2011 Table of Contents Page No. 1. Introduction of two-day homework break away3 2. Overall aims and Specific get wording objective4 3. Improvement subsequently this preparation railway line5 4. Timetable of arresting move6 5. planning Methods in the prep course10 6. paygrade strategy of the course15 7. Conclusion of the training course17 8. musing statement18 9. Appendix20 10. List of References 21 Introduction of two-day training course In view of the problem of training with line managers, it is going to encumber a two-days training course to conduct the raw barista. Each day takes 9 ho urs, in that respect ar ab tabu 12-16 new barista result attend the training. The training course includes the orientation of Cafe Co, Induction of customer service skills and equipment cognitive operation skills. The reason that hold the raining course is saving time for training in occasional workload, assists to train the basic skills with line manager and let the new barista experience the work Next chapter, it pass on apologize the overall aims and objectives of the training course. Word count 97 Overall aims and Specific learning objective The overall aim of the training course be new barista should be able to make five different images of cocoa by making a standard taste deep brown tree with using coffee maker via the two-day training course. Upon the completion of the training course, new barista should be able to achieve five goals. Understand the rules and history of Cafe Co * Build up team spirit * Learn a standard Cafe Cos customer service skills * Learn cha racteristics of five uncouth coffee beans in Cafe Co * Correctly single-valued function coffee maker to make a standard coffee In next chapter, it result discuss functions of training course for Cafe Co. Word count 108 Improvement after this training course First, understanding the history, mission and vision of Cafe Co rump establish loyalty, explain pardon direction to new barista and drive them to have same target. Also, it behind boost morale and create positive aviation in work direct.Second, after training course, new barista already had basic skills in serving customer and making coffee. There is enough training harbour to line manager it hatful reduce the time for training new employees. Line managers just assume to give time to let new employees to shoot experience and sh ar their experience. Third, some line managers are not raise in training. The training course can provide basic skills to handle daily workload and save time in training. In chapter 4, the tim etable of training course will be outline. Word count 123Timetable of training course The training course will divide to two days, first day will talk about Cafe Co history and policy and second day will nurture the practice in daily life. It will take about nine hours per day include one hours lunch time. Training course will hold on 24th-25th in April in one of the branch. There will be a barista and a supervisor which both have three old age experience working in Cafe Co responsible for trainers and speakers in the course. Beside the standard skills, they can also share their own technique with the new barista.There is a standard dress code in the course. wholly attendants must wear the standard Cafe Co barista suit, black trouser and shoes. Beside the suit, trouser and shoes should pull in by the attendants. And here is the Time Table. Day 1 Time Contents Methods Resources Purpose 900- 930am Welcome and Briefing Lecture Computer Projector welcome and show the purpose of the training course 930- 1000am Ice-Breaking Games Paper Pens Let new barista recognize each other and build up teamwork 1000- 1100pm History of Cafe Co Lecture ComputerProjectorMicrophone -Show the organizations history -Understand the culture and background of Cafe Co 1100-1230pm Policy of Cafe Co Lecture Employees enchiridion Microphone -Show the value of Cafe Co-List out strategic of Cafe Co -Clear the Mission and Vision of Cafe Co 1230-130pm Lunch 130- 230pm Knowing working place Familiarization Tour Map -Show the working place and equipment -Familiarize the working place 230- 330pm Employee allowance Lecture Computer Projector Microphone -Show rest day and holidays in Cafe Co-Arrange of duty meal -Show incentive and Benefits of employees 330- 30pm Safety and Health policy Training Video, Lecture ComputerProjector Microphone -Mention the safety calculate in working place -Explain the important of Safety and Health in Cafe Co -Typhoon and rainstorm emergencies measure -Provide methods of managing tension at work-Show accident may happen working place 430-530pm Rules and Discipline Lecture ComputerProjector Microphone -Mention rules in attendance -Explain rules and procedures in Cafe Co-List out discipline example -introduce disciplinary action procedures 530- 600pm Conclusion Discussion Paper Pens -Recap the main point that the new barista learn Day 2 Time Contents Methods Recourse Purpose 900- 915am Briefing Lecture Microphone Point out Daily goals and expectation 915- 1030am Standard customer services Lecture Training Video Microphone Computer Projector -Training standard welcome speech -Table setting training -Understand baristas indebtedness 1030- 1200pm Products in Cafe Co Lecture Discussion Microphone Computer Projector -Recognize products in Cafe Co-Understand menu and facilities -know characteristic of each coffee 1200- 100pm Lunch 100- 300pm Make Coffee Demonstration Lecture Coffee MakingCoffee Bean -Show the procedures of making coffee -S hare the skills of making coffee 300- 315pm Break 315- 515pm Operation in Cafe Co Role play Working place and equipment -Try to be a real barista-Try to make coffee -Experience the working place -Try to serve customer 515- 600pm Conclusion military rating Discussion Flip board overlord pen Evaluation attain -Refresh new barista memories -Conclude the knowledge learned -Collect data from new barista In next chapter, it will discuss the training methods and how can the training method fulfill new barista with different learning style.Word Count 530 Training Methods in the training course In this two-day training course, it used six methods to train the new barista. They are Lecture, Demonstration, Training video, Group discussion, Role Play and Games. Training method is an important discriminate in training program it links to theme and purpose of the training. Using a correct training method can make a better training atmosphere and enhance the effectiveness of the training. Furthermore, there is another element that affects the effectiveness, which is the learning style of the new barista.By Honey and Mumfords learning style (1992), learner can identify to 4 types, Reflector, Activists, Theorists and Pragmatists. Each type has their advantages and strength to learn in different training methods. Reflectors are usually stood back and observe at work, thinking what they can learn. They can produce analyses and reports without pressure. Activists are tends to involved in new experiences, problems and opportunities. They wish well to work in team and act first without consideration. They do not like preparation or reviewing. Theorists are like to adapt and integrate observation into complex and logically.They like solving problem step by step and think in logical ways. Pragmatists are like to try things out they applied the job with concept. They usually have fewer patients in long process. Training method, games just involved in the ice breaking process . It is costly, need to spend time and without learning some really useful in work. But it stills an important part in the training course. Games place in the starting can drive new barista to having a positive emotion and relax atmosphere to finish the entire course. Between playing games, barista can build up teamwork and increase the interaction and communication.It is commensurate for all learning style because it is not related to work but the relationship. Lecture is a motionless training method, it is a talk without question and answer session, new barista just need to sit down and listen to the lecturer. All information is produce by the lecturer and no interaction between lecturer and trainers. Lecture is a single way transfer method but it still chosen to use in many sections that about theory and information. It is because those things can learn by experience and observation and no need to practice or abstraction.Using lecture to teach knowledge in a long period may cau se new barista feel bored and lose their attraction. So that sometime may need to combine another method to balance like group discussion or training video. This method is suitable for Theorist to learn beat because they can having time to understand the theory. Training video will not using separately in training, it looks like some assistance in training method. It is suitable in explain some technique and skills that cannot show by speech or words like customer service and safe & health guide in work place.Playing training video to new barista can attract their attention and stimulate them between the lectures. Using video as training can reinforce their memory, let the text knowledge become image, make them easier to remember the image, rules and process deeper in their mind. It is a good training method for Pragmatist because they learn best if shown a model and they can copy. Demonstration is an experiential training method, it is also like training video, and it can be combi ned with the lecture program. It is suitable for reflectors and pragmatists to learn because both types like to observe and copy.It is place in the Make Coffee part trainer will demonstrate how to make a standard coffee and new barista learn via explanation and guidance. Beside the demonstration, new barista can join the process to enhance impact of the training and trainers can explain skills and technique to new barista. Moreover, barista can ask question immediately to reduce misunderstanding of the demonstration. Role playing will use in the Operation in Cafe Co part, new barista need to act out their characters and simulate the daily operation in Cafe Co. t should prepare specially in some case and raise new barista confront ability. The advantage of using this method is providing a face to face situation for testing it can develop interactive skills and gives people perceptivity into the way in which people behave and feel but it needs well prepare and enough support to run a role play. It is suitable for activists learning style they are like to action and working with others in role playing. Discussion is a method that gives chances for audience to participate active learning, share-out their experience and feeling with others.Also, it can gather others opinions and points to provide a clear view. It provide interaction and communication time for new barista too. It will take part in Conclusion and Products in Cafe Co because this section needs times to conversation and discuss about what they learn, it can make them devote themselves in to the course. This training method is suitable for activists because they like to work with others and leading discussion. To drive this training course to success, it should also consider Kolbs (1974) learning cycle, experience, observation, abstraction and practice.The training courses design base on this and ensure the methods can follow these four elements, like it will hold classroom learning like lecture, disc ussion and videos for experience and observation. Abstraction and practice will reach by the role play in Cafe Co and demonstration of making coffee. All the training methods designed for the content of each part and it is the most suitable method to bring out a effective result after the course. In next chapter, it will discuss the evaluation of this training course. Word Count 930 Evaluation strategy of the courseIn a fair and success evaluation, the design of the evaluation form and the atmosphere of the place are so important. A formal evaluation should hold unless twenty minutes, and the valuator should leave the evaluation place to ensure a fair evaluation. The evaluation should hold by another person that no relationship between the course. Also, the design of the form should be quantize in marks, distinctly explain the rules like 1 is the best and 10 is the worst in marks. The question in the questionnaire should use close question at most, it can be easier to analyze the d ata and much more fair.The questionnaire should not record the evaluators name which can increase the truism if the evaluators are not identified. check to Kirkpatricks level of evaluation (1956), evaluation should be focus on 4 stages, reception, Learning, behavioral and Results. Reaction and Learning are in formative level. Reaction measure the feeling about the content and method of the evaluation. Learning measure what learner learned from the course. Behavioral and Result are in the summative level. Behavioral quantify the change of the trainers after training course and the applicant of the trainee.Result measures the effect the organization performance and productivity. Therefore, a successful evaluation should include four stages. Evaluation is not just focus on the reaction level but need to concern summative level. Beside questionnaire (appx. 1), interview, performance review and other aspects should consider to evaluate the success of the training course. Word count 2 45 Conclusion of the training course After this training course, new barista will able response the daily operation in Cafe Co, the relationship between barista should be closer and start to build up team work in workplace.Moreover, new barista should understand the policy, strategy, mission and vision of Cafe Co they also need to understand the rules. They need to recognize their right, benefit, compensation in Cafe Co. Word Count 63 Reflective statement After finish this assessment, I have learnt how to collect the useful information from internet and books. Before that, I usually finish my assessment with the tutorial notes and my own knowledge, because of the marks of Reference, it pushes me to borrow books and research in internet. Also, finishing this assessment can make me know more theories and knowledge in Human Resource.It makes me interest in this subject and drive me to read more books about human relationship in work place. It makes me know the psychology of employees a nd employers. In the working progress, the notes from the course really help me a lot. I applied it to my assignment, it clearly explain the theories with some basic words and showing the figures of some theory which can clear my mind. The thing that hindered me is the arrangement of my answer. Some question makes me confused and I dont know how to arrange the answers sequence. The question cannot clearly explain what are they asking and I am confusing about what should I answer.It might affect the quality of the assignment. In briefly, I am satisfied for my entree. Because I can finish it in time and I really do it with my heart. But one thing that I can do better is the submission date. I always finish my assignment at last day of the submission. It is very danger if there are any accident in the network, I may be able to upload my assessment to the Turnitin System lately and cause my work decrease one grade. So that, I decided I will finish and upload my work as soon as possible before the due date. Word Count 238 Appendix Training Evaluation Form Title of course New barista training courseDate of training Marking standard (Disagree)12345(Agree) 1. The direction of the course is clear__ 2. It is easy to understand the content__ 3. The course is enjoyable__ 4. The course is useful__ 5. The course can make me interest in coffee__ 6. Enough support of the training course__ 7. Trainer is clearly teach the skills and technique__ Any others opinions ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your opinions List of References Armstrong, M. 2009) Armstrongs Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, 11th Edition, Kogan Page Bloisi, W. (2007) An Introduction to Human Resource Management, Mc Graw Hill Dessler, G. (2011) Human Resource Management, 12th Edition, Pearson Messmer, M. and Bogardus, A. (2007) Hu man Resource Management, Wiley Pathways Demonstration training method (2007) Online Available at http//traininganddevelopment. naukrihub. com/methods-of-training/demonstrations. html Accessed 26th March, 2012 Evaluation Forms (2011) Online Available at http//www. sampleforms. org/category/evaluation-forms Accessed 4th April, 2012

The Vampire Diaries: The Struggle Chapter Five

November 2, SaturdayDear Diary,This morning I woke up and felt so strange. I dont whop how to describe it. On the champion ease up, I was so weak that when I tried to stand up my muscles wouldnt support me. barely on the opposite hand I felt pleasant.So comfortable , sorelaxed. As if I were floating on a bed of golden light. I didnt care if I never locomote again.Then I remembered Stefan, and I tried to get up, further Aunt Judith put me tail to bed. She tell Bonnie and Meredith had left hours ago, and that Id been so fast incognizant they couldnt wake me. She said what I needed was rest.So here(predicate) I am. Aunt Judith brought the TVin,but I dont care around watching it. Id rather lie here and write, or further lie here.November 3,Sunday (1030 p.m.)Ive just read over yesterdays entry and Im shocked. What was wrong with me? I broke off in the middle of a sentence, and now I donteven accredit what I was going to say. And I didntexplain to the highest degree my new diary or everything. I must acquit been completely spaced bring out.Anyway, this is the official start of my new diary. I boughtthis blank book at the drugstore. Its non as beautiful as the other one, but it leave alone moderate to do. Ive given up hope of ever seeing my old one again. Whoever stole it isnt going to bring it back. But when I think of them reading it, every my inner thoughts and my livelinessings most Stefan, I penury to kill them. While simultaneously dying of humiliation myself.Im not ashamed of the way I feel about Stefan. But its private. And at that place are things in there, about the way it is when we kiss, when he holds me, that I know he wouldnt want anybody else to read.Of course, it hasnt got anything about his secret in it. I hadnt found that out yet. It wasnt until I did that I really understood him, and we got together, really together, at last. Now were part of each other. I feel as if Ive been postponement for him all my life.Maybe you th ink Im terrible for loving him, considering what he is. He tooshie be violent, and I know there are some things in his past that hes ashamed of. But he could never be violent toward me,and the past is over. He has so overmuch guilt and he hurts so much inside. I want to heal him.I dont know what will happen now Im just so glad that hes safe. I went to the boarding house right away and found out that the police had been there yesterday. Stefan was still weak and couldnt use his Powers to get rid of them, but they didnt accuse him of anything. They just asked questions. Stefan says they acted friendly, which makes me suspicious. What all the questions really rile down to is where were you on the night the old man was attacked under the bridge, and the night Vickie Bennett was attacked in the ruined church, and the night Mr. Tanner was killed at school?They dont have any evidence against him. So the crimes started right by and by he came to Fells Church, so what? Thats not proof o f anything. So he argued with Mr. Tanner that night. Again, so what? Everybody argued with Mr. Tanner. So he disappeared after Mr. Tanners body was found. Hes back now, and its pretty clear that he was attacked himself, by the same person who committed the other crimes. Mary told the police about the condition he was in. And if they ever ask us, bland and Bonnie and Meredith and I can all testify how we found him. in that respects no case against him at all.Stefan and I talked about that, and about other things. It was so good to be with him again, even if he did look white and tired. He still doesnt remember how Thursday night ended, but virtually of it is just as I suspected. Stefan went to find Damon Thursday night after he took me home. They argued. Stefan ended up half-dead in a well. It doesnt take a hero to cipher out what happened in between.I still havent told him that I went looking for Damon in the graveyard Friday morning. I reckon Id better do it tomorrow. I know hes going to be upset, especially when he hears what Damon said to me.Well, thats all. Im tired. This diary is going to be well-hidden, for obvious reasons.P.S. I wonder who our new European history instructor will be?She tucked the diary under her mattress and turned out the light.Elena walked down the hallway in a curious vacuum. At school she was normally peppered with greetings from all sides it was hi, Elena, after hi, Elena, wherever she went. But today look slid away furtively as she approached, or people suddenly became very busy doing something that undeniable them to keep their backs to her. It had been happening all day long.She paused in the doorway of the European history classroom. There were several students already sitting down, and at the chalkboard was a stranger.He looked almost deal a student himself. He had sandy hair, worn a little long, and the build of an athlete. Across the board he had pen Alaric K. Saltzman. As he turned around, Elena saw that he also had a immature smile.He went on smiling as Elena sat down and other students filed in. Stefan was among them, and his eyes met Elenas as he took his vest beside her, but they didnt speak. No one was talk. The room was dead silent.Bonnie sat down on Elenas other side. Matt was only a few desks away, but he was looking straight a take.The last two people to go on in were Caroline Forbes and Tyler Smallwood. They walked in together, and Elena didnt like the look on Carolines face. She knew that catlike smile and those narrowed green eyes all too well. Tylers handsome, rather fleshy features were shining with satisfaction. The discoloration under his eyes caused by Stefans fist was almost gone.Okay, to start off, why dont we put all these desks in a circle?Elenas attention snapped back to the stranger at the front of the room. He was still smiling.Come on, lets do it. That way we can all see each others faces when we talk, he said.Silently, the students obeyed. The stranger didnt s it at Mr. Tanners desk instead, he pulled a chairman to the circle and straddled it backward.Now, he said. I know you all must be curious about me. My names on the board Alaric K. Saltzman. But I want you to travel to me Alaric. Ill tell you a little more about me later, but first I want to give you a chance to talk.Todays probably a rugged day for most of you. Someone you cared about is gone, and that must hurt. I want to give you a chance to open up and share those feelings with me and with your classmates. I want you to try to get in touch with the pain. Then we can start to build our own relationship on trust. NowThey stared at him. No one so much as moved an eyelash.Well, lets see what about you? Still smiling, he gestured encouragingly to a pretty, fair-haired girl. reassure us your name and how you feel about whats happened.Flustered, the girl stood. My names Sue Carson, and, uh She took a deep breath and went doggedly on. And I feelscared. Because whoever this maniac is, hes still loose. And next time it could be me. She sat down. give thanks you, Sue. Im sure a lot of your classmates share your concern. Now, do I understand that some of you were actually there when this tragedy occurred?Desks creaked as students shifted uneasily.But Tyler Smallwood stood up, his lips drawing back from strong white teeth in a smile.Most of us were there, he said, and his eyes flickered toward Stefan. Elena could see other people following his gaze. I got there right after Bonnie discovered the body. And what I feel is concern for the community. Theres a dangerous killer on the streets, and so far nobodys done anything to carry him. And He broke off. Elena wasnt sure how, but she felt Caroline had signaled him to do it. Caroline tossed back gleaming auburn hair and recrossed her long legs as Tyler took his seat again.Okay, thank you. So most of you were there. That makes it doubly hard. Can we hear from the person who actually found the body? Is Bonnie here? He l ooked around.Bonnie raise her hand slowly, then stood. Iguess I discovered the body, she said. I mean, I was the first person who knew that he was really dead, and not just faking.Alaric Saltzman looked slightly startled. non just faking? Did he often fake macrocosm dead? There were titters, and he flashed that boyish smile again. Elena turned and glanced at Stefan, who was frowning.No no, said Bonnie. You see, he was a sacrifice. At the Haunted House. So he was covered with stock certificate anyway, only it was fake blood. And that was partly my fault, because he didnt want to put it on, and I told him he had to do it. He was conjectural to be a Bloody Corpse. But he kept verbalism it was too messy, and it wasnt until Stefan came and argued with him She stopped. I mean, we talked to him and he finally agreed to do it, and then the Haunted House started. And a little while later I noticed that he wasnt sitting up and scaring the kids like he was supposed to, and I went over and asked him what was wrong. And he didnt answer. He just he just kept utter(a) at the ceiling. And then I touched him and he it was terrible. His head just sort offlopped Bonnies voice wavered and gave out. She gulped.Elena was standing up, and so were Stefan and Matt and a few other people. Elena reached over to Bonnie.Bonnie, its okay. Bonnie, dont its okay.And blood got all over my hands. There was blood everywhere, so much blood She sniffed hysterically. He stood up and paced around the center of the circle, his hands opening and shutting nervously. Bonnie was still sniffling softly.I know, he said, the boyish smile coming back full force. Id like to get our student-teacher relationship off to a good start, away from this whole atmosphere. How about if you all come around to my place this evening, and we can all talk informally? Maybe just get to know each other, maybe talk about what happened. You can even bring a friend if you want. How about it?There was some other th irty seconds or so of staring. Then someone said, Your place?Yes oh, Im forgetting. Stupid of me. Im staying at the Ramsey house, on Magnolia Avenue. He wrote the address on the board. The Ramseys are friends of mine, and they loaned me the house while theyre on vacation. I come from Charlottesville, and your principal called me Friday to ask me if I could take over here. I jumped at the chance. This is my first real teaching job.Oh, that explains it, said Elena under her breath.Does it? said Stefan.Anyway, what do you think? Is it a plan? Alaric Saltzman looked around at them.No one had the heart to refuse. There were scattered yeses and sures.Great, then its settled. Ill provide the refreshments, and well all get to know each other. Oh, by the way He opened a grade book and scanned it. In this class, participation makes up half your final grade. He glanced up and smiled. You can go now.The nerve of him, somebody muttered as Elena went out the door. Bonnie was behind her, but Alari c Saltzmans voice called her back.Would the students who shared with us please stay behind for a minute?Stefan had to leave, too. Id better go check about football practice, he said. Its probably canceled, but Id better make sure.Elena was concerned. If its not canceled, do you think youre feeling up to it?Ill be fine, he said evasively. But she noticed that his face still looked drawn, and he moved as if he were in pain. Meet you at your locker, he said.She nodded. When she got to her locker, she saw Caroline nearby talking to two other girls. Three pairs of eyes followed Elenas every move as she put away her books, but when Elena glanced up, two of them suddenly looked away. Only Caroline remained staring at her, head slightly cocked as she whispered something to the other girls.Elena had had large. Slamming her locker, she walked straight toward the group. Hello, Becky hello, Sheila, she said. Then, with heavy emphasis Hello, Caroline.Whats going on? she demanded. Going on? Caro line was apparently enjoying this, trying to draw it out as long as possible. Going on with who?With you, Caroline. With everybody. Dont pretend youre not up to something, because I know you are. People have been avoiding me all day as if I had the plague, and you look like you just won the lottery. What have you done?Carolines expression of innocent inquiry slipped, and she smiled a feline smile. I told you when school started that things were going to be different this year, Elena, she said. I warned you your time on the throne might be running out. But it isntmy doing. Whats happening is exactly natural selection. The law of the jungle.And just whatis happening? Well, lets just say that going out with a murderer can put a cramp in your social life. Elenas chest tightened as if Caroline had hit her. For a moment, the desire to hit Caroline back was almost irresistible. Then, with the blood pounding in her ears, she said through clenched teeth, That isnt true. Stefan hasnt done a nything. The police questioned him, and he was cleared.Caroline shrugged. Her smile now was patronizing. Elena, Ive known you since kindergarten, she said, so Ill give you some advice for old times sake reduce Stefan. If you do it right now you might just avoid being a complete social leper. Otherwise you might as well bargain for yourself a little bell to ring in the street.Rage held Elena hostage as Caroline turned and walked away, her auburn hair moving like liquefiable under the lights. Then Elena found her tongue.Caroline. The other girl turned back. Are you going to go to that party at the Ramsey house tonight? I suppose so. Why?Because Ill be there. With Stefan. See you in the jungle. This time Elena was the one to turn away. The dignity of her exit was slightly marred when she saw a slim, shadowed figure at the far end of the hallway. Her step faltered for an instant, but as she drew closer she recognized Stefan.She knew the smile she gave him looked forced, and he glance d back toward the lockers as they walked side by side out of the school.So football practice was canceled? she said.He nodded. What was that all about? he said quietly.Nothing. I asked Caroline if she was going to the party tonight. Elena atilt back her head to look at the gray and dismal sky.She remembered what he had told her in his room. He could see better than a human, and hear better, too. Well enough to catch words spoken down forty feet of corridor?Yes, she said defiantly, still inspecting the clouds.And thats what made you so angry?Yes, she said again, in the same tone.She could feel his eyes on her. Elena, thats not true.Well, if you can read my mind, you dont need to ask me questions, do you?They were facing each other now. Stefan was tense, his mouth set in a aristocratic line. You know I wouldnt do that. But I thought you were the one who was so big on honesty in relationships.All right. Caroline was being her usual bitchy self and shooting her mouth off about the murd er. So what? Why do you care?Because, said Stefan simply, brutally, she might be right. Not about the murder but about you. About you and me. I should have realized this would happen. Its not just her, is it? Ive been sensing hostility and fear all day, but I was too tired to try and analyze it. They think Im the killer and theyre taking it out on you.What they think doesnt matter Theyre wrong, and theyll realize that eventually. Then everything will be the way it was again.A wistful smile tugged at the corner of Stefans mouth. You really believe that, dont you? He looked away, and his face hardened. And what if they dont? What if it only gets worse?What are you saying? It might be better Stefan took a deep breath and continued, carefully. It might be better if we didnt see each other for a while. If they think were not together, theyll leave you alone.She stared at him. And you think you could do that? Not see me or talk to me for however long?If its necessary yes. We could preten d weve broken up. His jaw was set.Elena stared another moment. Then she circled him and moved in closer, so close that they were almost touching. He had to look down at her, his eyes only a few inches from her own.There is, she said, only one way Im going to announce to the rest of the school that weve broken up. And thats if you tell me that you dont love me and you dont want to see me. Tell me that, Stefan, right now. Tell me that you dont want to be with me any more.Hed stopped breathing. He stared down at her, those green eyes striated like a cats in shades of emerald and malachite and holly green.She never got to finish off the sentence. It was cut off as his mouth descended on hers.

Leadership Portfolio Essay

To become a successful Product coach lead teams using transformational leadership model and vane effectively with sea captains of my field of operation. I am modernistic to the field of Product Management and while my previous experiences leverage this decision, it still remains a challenging propose to succeed in this field.In this regard, I am writing this leadership plan which will be my guiding force throughout my professional life. The document will be updated as and when underlying goals atomic number 18 met and the bar of defining success extended. The three most important competencies which I will strive to correct are 1. Skills * A competent product manager must have a diverse skillset and I plan on adding skills to my existing portfolio.Some crucial skills which I plan on learning during the tune of my MBA program are * Sales and Marketing steering For successful selling, marketing and merchandising of a new product * Strategic management For a to a greater exten t robust product inception, development and deployment * Conflict management For effective and lasting resolution of internal and external conflicts * Financial management For informed capital budgeting and financial forecasting decisions * Project management For better and efficient modular management of entire project lifecycle. In addition to the skills mentioned above, in this new role, I will strive to assimilate newer skills which will smoothen my professional evolutionary continuum. * Takeaway from the course * Learnt the nuances of Authentic LeadershipI plan on working more on this aspect and hopefully get better members in my network. 5. Find a networking occurrence to attend, and film the idea to class to share with the group. There is an event organized by Duquesne Universitys Small business organisation Development Center First Step Business Start-Up Essentials on November 15th 2012. The topics covered in this event include Social Media, Search Engine Optimization and Web-Design. This will be an interesting event to network especially since many attendees will be looking for new and innovative ideas to promote their brands. They will similarly be bringing loads of experience and knowledge on starting similar line-extension products.

The Exploration of the Rite of Spring Costumes

Greenshields 1 The research for this paper was establish off a question that came to, while re-visiting the account and celebrating the one hund cherry-redth anniversary of Vaslav Nijinskys trigger of Le Sacre du Printemps, The Right of startle that premiered in 1913. This question in mind has m some(prenominal) dimensions when asked, to compare the kindred betwixt the clothess of Nijinskys The Right of Spring and Pina Bausch translation of the score.When researching both b solelyets in kind to the costumes that were represented in each version it becomes unclear of the real reasons behind the choices that Nijinsky and Bausch make to develop the style, plan and visual substance of the costumes Questioning whether there was a specific initial inspiration for the tendencys or perhaps it was the style in the time hitch when both individual ballets premiered and was influenced by fashion and society.Beginning to study where it all began in the early on 1900s with Nijinskys learning of The Right of Spring the focus is on the involvement of individuals who took part in the creation and development process of the original costumes. This can be narrowed down to Nicholas Roerich as the designer, Igor Stravinsky who potentially provided inspiration for Roerichs designs and finally Nijinsky himself.To look at and discover how Roerich was inspired and where the root of his designs developed from opposite than Nijinskys vision, if any, brings this magical spell of writing one step closer to clearly answering the question of non merely where the costumes get downd from just now also how they compare to later ballet costume creations. Speaking of other ballet costumes, there allow be research done on Pina Bauschs 1975 interpretation of The Right of Spring with regard to her costumes in comparison to NijinskysGreenshields 2 costumes. The hopes are to gain a strong visual and reasonable understanding of the development the styles have gone through and the reasons for the advancement in ballet costumes. Having the opportunity to seek such a funnyly creative woman like Bausch, who had such an impact on the trip the light fantastic and choreography world, will allow this paper to go beyond a simple comparison between the costumes themselves but will allow further exploration of questions concerning how and why they developed into what they did.The suggestion of the time period potentially having an influence in the designs of Nijinskys and Roerich costumes also implies to Bauschs costumes as well, which will coincide with the boilers suit change that the arrangeance ware came to since the early 1900s to 1975. Exploring the relationship between Nijinskys in The eucharist of Spring costumes in 1913, to Pina Bausch costumes in 1975 it is visually clear to pin point the different aspects each costume possesses.The challenging part of this piece of writing is going to be discussing how multiple costume creations come rough from the sam e score, how such opposite but equally meaningful costumes can represent a akin story credit line in different eras, and overall where the inspiration came from, if inspired from anything or anyone at all for the costume designs in both Nijinskys and Bauschs versions of The Right of Spring. Nijinsky hired Nicholas Roerich to help with the creations and designs for his costumes due to his bully and miraculous art work and the international reputation he had developed for himself over the previous years.They began their quislingism for The Right of Spring in the early 1900s, a few years before the 1913 premier. Roerich was faced with a big commitment when he was asked to create and design the costumes that would make or break Nijinskys piece Greenshields 3 of delicious work. Roerich accepted this task and immediately began consulting with Stravinsky, Diaghilev and of course Nijinsky to create what would soon to be the well-nigh unappealing costumes during this time for the fut ure world renowned ballet.Other ballets being produced during the early 1900s began to present their movers in more contemporary day ballet attire Clothes began to be more simple, leotards were worn and last the tutu (Wagner). Nijinskys vision and Roerichs designs completely went against the modern ballet look with the persona of unflattering over sized material that covered the boundrs shape and alignment, approximately even referred to them looking like murphy sacks or taters (essortment Your Source for Knowledge ).One aspect of early 19th century ballet costumes that Nijinsky and Roerich grasped was the ability to use a variety of color and designs in the creation of the costumes, which they did very well. Roerichs costumes were very unique in the way he used intricate patterns mixed with a variety of shapes and colors. H is designs were said to be inspired by Stravinskys brilliant and century marking score he developed specifically for Nijinskys ballet and backed up by The Princess Maria Tenishevas collection that also helped initiate Roerichs work.In the case of Roerichs costume designs, the initial inspirations become evident yet we are bland left with uncertainty as to why such foreign and unpleasant costumes came from such experienced, intelligent artists. In 1975, Pina Bausch the legendary dancer and choreographer had completed choreographing and premiering her own interpretation of Stravinskys score and Nijinskys story line to produce her own The Rite of Spring.Bausch was known for her elaborate and far fetch setting and images one sees on stage and in fact her interpretation of the Rite of Spring involved Greenshields 4 the dancers performing with a layer of dirt over the stage making the movement and choreography more difficult to perform as the piece progresses (Mackrell). Comparing Bausch costumes that were designed by Rolf Borzik to Nijinsky and Roerich designs it is evident that Bausch incorporated some aspects of the original costume s but developed them into a more modern day look.Bausch kept the lengthiness of the costumes but used a lighter material on the females and had the males dance shirtless to allow the dancers body and alignment to be visible. The material that Bausch had the females wear was so thin that as the dancers became more vigorous the material became damp with remnants of dent ground in. This making the costumes and choreography appeal more earthier and grounded in a natural way as opposed to Nijinskys, where he used thick, busy yet clean material with long braided boss dresses to portray that earthy look.Bausch also eliminated color for all the other performers costumes except the pure(a), who wore red to represent the importance of the sacrifice. This was well thought out on her part for there was more focus on the virgin during the initial scene of the sacrifice and portrayed the characters in a modern day light with having the red dress be the focal point with shades of beige white and black subtly contact the red.While researching Pina Bausch and the creation of her costumes it became clear as to why she made changes from Nijinskys original costumes while producing her own. She evidently made the costumes more appealing to modern day society Russian Ballet had a wide effect, a remarkable influence on fashion (Spencer 149-162), which happened to correspond and enhance the look of the movement and choreography on the dancers body.Unfortunately there lacked evidence on what or who inspired Bausch or Borzik to create these modern day costumes, Greenshields 5 which interfered in answering where the costume designs were inspired from but helped with the overall understanding of the relationship between Nijinskys and Bauschs The Right of Spring costumes. This may be a realization for some that artists in a developing world are capable of adapting to the changes and progress in society.Taking a wink to step back and look at both the costumes from an outside perspec tive it is noticeable that each design gives off a completely different vibe from one another by the use of unique fabric, colors, shapes and patterns. There has been an enormous evolution in the dance wear from the 1900s until now, and both Nijinskys and Bauschs versions of the ballet are just two examples of the development it experienced in the 1900s alone. After this period, costumes and dance wear in general continued on this highway of development and grew into an enormous selection and an timeless variety of designs to base any genera of costumes off of.One feature of costumes in general that continued through the decades of development is the ability to incorporate meaning and significance into the design of the outfit. Both ballets previously talked about in this strain present significance within their costumes through the shapes and intricate patterns inspired by Stravinsky that Roerich used on Nijinskys costumes and the use of a single solid color signifying the signi ficance of the sacrificial virgin in Bauschs interpretation. Some of the figures thus formed came to have symbolical meanings (Royce 192-212).This is a tactic still used in the performing arts today to help the audience fully understand the directors vision and or to signify something of importance that may influence how one sees the performance. The research for this piece of writing has uncovered many discoveries regarding a costume comparison between Nijinskys and Pina Bauschs versions of The Right of Spring. It Greenshields 6 has looked deeper into pin pointing inspirations that have influenced the design and creativity of the costumes, as well as etermining the significance that stage costumes portray. This essay also spends a great deal of time picking apart and examining the relationship between Nijinskys 1913 ballet with Bauschs interpretation done in 1975. It looks at the development of The Right of Spring costume designs during 1913-1975 and discusses the continual develo pment it had to todays generation as it continues to expand. As a student of Social Work with dance as a minor, the research inquiries in this essay have aspects that will help me in both of my line of achievement options.What triggers my attention the most is the idea of a constantly developing world that will influence any individual practicing their profession in todays society. This information is most helpful to me in the dance stream, as any artist would know that it is extremely important to keep others and more importantly yourself in tune with modern day aspects of the dance world. Although not every performance or piece of artistic work needs to incorporate current day trends, it is crucial to learn about the developments that have happened or that are winning place to expand your knowledge and create the best work available to you.Not only will this be useful to me throughout my dance life, it has also taught me to be aware of the developments and changes that are takin g place day to day which will enhance my role as a critical cordial worker. Another important aspect of the research I uncovered that will be beneficial to me as a dance student is the overall background knowledge I gained on Vaslav Nijinsky, Nicolas Roerich and Pina Bausch.Nijinsky and Bausch especially, as I could now comfortable educate others on their separate versions of The Right of Spring focusing on the history and creations of the Greenshields 7 costumes. Having focused on two very inspirational dancers and choreographers who impacted the dance world in one way or another it will help me in whatever career path I choose from the initial information gathered or whether it be from the messages behind the facts there will always be useful information to me as an individual who studied dance.Bibliography 1. Right of Spring by Igor Stravinsky. essortment Your Source for Knowledge . 2011 n. page. Print. . 2. Kant, Marion. The Cambridge Companion to Ballet. Cambridge Cambridge U niversity Press, 2007. 3. Kelly, Thomas. Milestones of the Millennium. Milestones of the Millennium. (1999) n. page. Print. http//www. npr. org/programs/specials/milestones/991110. motm. riteofspring. html. 4. Kirstein, Lincoln. quartet Centuries of Ballet Fifty Masterworks.New York Dover Publications, 1984. 5. Mackrell, Judith. The Guardian. Guardian. (2008) n. page. Print. . 6. Rerikh, Nikolai? Konstantinovich, and Cordier & Ekstrom. Nicholas Roerich Decors and Costumes for Diaghilevs Ballets Russes, and Russian Operas. New York Cordier Ekstrom, 1974. 7. Royce, Anya Peterson. The Anthropology of Dance. Canada Fitzhenry Whiteside Limited, 1977. 192-212. Print. 8. Spencer, Charles. The realism of Serge Diaghilev. England Paul Elek, London, Limited , 1974. 49-162. Print. 9. Taruskin, Richard. Stravinsky and the Russian Traditions A Biography of the Works Through Mavra. Berkeley University of California Press, 1996. 10. Thomas, Michael. A spendthrift Premiere Igor Stravinsky T he Rite of Spring. San Francisco symphony keeping Score . N. p. , n. d. Web. http//www. keepingscore. org/sites/default/files/swf/stravinsky/full. 11. Wagner, Christopher. Historical Boys Clothing. Historical Boys Clothing. (2002) n. page. Print. . 4. Kirstein, Lincoln. Four Centuries of Ballet Fifty Masterworks.New York Dover Publications, 1984. 5. Mackrell, Judith. The Guardian. Guardian. (2008) n. page. Print. . 6. Rerikh, Nikolai? Konstantinovich, and Cordier & Ekstrom. Nicholas Roerich Decors and Costumes for Diaghilevs Ballets Russes, and Russian Operas. New York Cordier Ekstrom, 1974. 7. Royce, Anya Peterson. The Anthropology of Dance. Canada Fitzhenry Whiteside Limited, 1977. 192-212. Print. 8. Spencer, Charles. The World of Serge Diaghilev. England Paul Elek, London, Limited , 1974. 49-162. Print. 9. Taruskin, Richard. Stravinsky and the Russian Traditions A Biography of the Works Through Mavra. Berkeley University of California Press, 1996. 10. Thomas, Michael. A Ri otous Premiere Igor Stravinsky The Rite of Spring. San Francisco symphony Keeping Score . N. p. , n. d. Web. http//www. keepingscore. org/sites/default/files/swf/stravinsky/full. 11. Wagner, Christopher. Historical Boys Clothing. Historical Boys Clothing. (2002) n. page. Print.